What are the basics of hydraulic cylinders?

Release Time :

2025-02-11

A hydraulic cylinder is a hydraulic actuator that converts hydraulic energy into mechanical energy and performs linear reciprocating motion (or swinging motion). It has a simple structure and reliable operation. When used to achieve reciprocating motion, the reduction device can be omitted, there is no transmission gap, and the motion is smooth, so it is widely used in the hydraulic systems of various machines.

hydraulic cylinders

Linear motion

Hydraulic cylinders use high-pressure fluid (oil) to convert pressure into motion/force. The rod assembly moves relative to the tube assembly, driven by the fluid pressure in the tube assembly.

The motion is guided by a pair of linear bearing surfaces that support the piston/rod in the tube hole and the rod in the tube head. A variety of forms of bearing systems are commonly used in cylinder structures, depending on the technical and economic requirements of the application. Factors to consider include:

Operating speed

Side loading

Expected life

Maintenance requirements

Manufacturing cost

Pressure vessel

The high pressure used to produce linear motion must be safely contained within the cylinder tube and connected to the hydraulic system that provides energy input. This pressure is controlled by the joints used in the cylinder tube structure. The pressure joints can be:

Static seals

Permanent joints, such as welded joints

Mechanical assembly

hydraulic cylinders

Dynamic seals

Allow sliding motion while continuing to maintain fluid pressure.


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